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1. The volcanic rock biological filtering materials are used as the carriers of the biological aerated filter.
The volcanic rock biological filtering materials are used as the carriers of the biological aerated filters. The volcanic rock biological filtering materials were first used in America. We once imported the materials for the biological filtering technology, and the technicians developed the biological haydite technology instead of former expensive technology, but not successfully. Now experts find the good mines of the volcanic rock biological filtering materials. The materials are granular after choosing, smashing, screening and grinding, which are made of silicon, aluminum, calcium, sodium, magnesium, titanium, manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt and molybdenum, etc. The particles are dark red and brown, porous and lightweight, and the sizes of the particles depend on the requests.
The filtering pools used volcanic rocks are used to process the water from lakes and rivers, wastewater in municipalities, wastewater in industries, sanitary waste and low concentrated organic wastewater, oil filtering, etc; the materials can be used as the filter media instead of activated carbon, arenaceous quartz and anthracite coal, and the materials can be used to deeply process the tail water to reclaimed water standard after the secondary system of the sewage treatmentplant. The volcanic rock filtering materials have been widely used by its good filtering processing and cheap prices.
2. Physical microstructure
The physical microstructure of the volcanic rock biological filtering material is tough and porous, which is suitable for the growth and reproduction of the tiny organisms to form biological membrane. The filtering pool used volcanic rocks is used to process the water from lakes and rivers, wastewater in municipalities, wastewater in industries, sanitary waste and low concentrated organic wastewater, oil filtering, etc; the materials can be used as the filter media instead of activated carbon, arenaceous quartz and anthracite, and the materials can be used to deeply process the tail water to reclaimed water standard after the secondary system of the sewage treatmentplant.
3. Chemical microstructure
The Chemical microstructures of the volcanic rock biological filtering materials are as follow: 1) the chemical stability of the tiny organisms: the volcanic rock biological filtering materials with corrosion resistance are too inert to react with the tiny organisms; 2) the surface electrical property and hydrophilicity: there are positive charges on the surfaces of the volcanic rock biological filtering materials, which are suitable for the tiny organisms to fix; the attached tiny organisms grow fast, and the surfaces have good hydrophilicity; 3) effects on the activity of the biological membrane: As the carriers of the biological membrane, the volcanic rock biological filtering materials are no harm and no inhibition to the activity of the tiny organisms fixing on them.
 
4. Hydraulics
Hydraulics
Hydraulics: 1) porosity: the average porosity of the inside and outside is about 40%, and the resistance to the water is small; comparing to the same type filtering materials, the demands of the filtering material are lower for the same purpose; 2) specific surface: large specific surfaces, porous microstructures and inert features are suitable for the creation of the membranes, the growth of the tiny organisms, retaining more tiny organisms and the exchanging procedure among the oxygen, the nutrients and the metabolic waste of the tiny organisms; 3) structures of the materials and the flow pattern of the water: the structures of the volcanic rock biological filtering materials are smooth granular, and the bubbles are bigger than the haydite, so the resistance to flow is small, saving the energy.
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